what were the reasons for the failures of permanent settlement system
Answers
Reasons for failure:
Complete responsibility on Zamindars: In case a Zamindar could not pay the fixed revenue amount, the loss was compensated by selling a portion of the Zamindar's land.
Class distinction: It created a class distinction in the villages with two classes: Zamindars and tenants.
Oppressed peasants: Peasants were left entirely at the mercy of landlords. This was a grave mistake on the part of Cornwallis as the cultivators were deprived of the ownership of the land.
High revenue demand: The fixed revenue demand was high as the Government was not supposed to take its share in any increase of revenue.
Zamindars' authority diminished: The troops of the Zamindars were dispersed and their custom duties were abolished. The Zamindars started losing their power whereas the collectorate became an alternative center of power.
Emergence of Jotedars: By the end of 18th century Jotedars had acquired a vast area of land by buying the auctioned lands of Zamindars. So Zamindars started losing power.
Answer: Reasons for failure:
Complete responsibility on Zamindars: In case a Zamindar could not pay the fixed revenue amount, the loss was compensated by selling a portion of the Zamindar's land.
Class distinction: It created a class distinction in the villages with two classes: Zamindars and tenants.
Oppressed peasants: Peasants were left entirely at the mercy of landlords. This was a grave mistake on the part of Cornwallis as the cultivators were deprived of the ownership of the land.
High revenue demand: The fixed revenue demand was high as the Government was not supposed to take its share in any increase of revenue.
Zamindars' authority diminished: The troops of the Zamindars were dispersed and their custom duties were abolished. The Zamindars started losing their power whereas the collectorate became an alternative center of power.
Emergence of Jotedars: By the end of 18th century Jotedars had acquired a vast area of land by buying the auctioned lands of Zamindars. So Zamindars started losing power.