What were the results of fourth anglo mysore war?
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The humiliating terms of the treaty of 1792 added fuel to the burning resentment of Tipu against the English; he could by no means reconcile himself to this defeat so that the hope for a lasting peace was soon belied. Anybody could have foreseen the consequences of the treaty that caused deep wound in the pride of Tipu.
As Malcom wrote, "instead of sinking under his misfortunes he exerted all his activity to repair the ravages of war. He began to add to the fortifications of his capital, to remount his cavalry, to recruit and discipline his infantry, to punish his refractory tributaries and to encourage the cultivation of his country which was soon restored to its former prosperity." He faithfully discharged the treaty obligations and brought the hostages back.
From the moment the treaty was singed, Tipu was contemplating ways and means to take revenge on his humiliators. In despair he indulged in the vain hope of creating foreign alliances and approached Zaman Shah, the ruler of Afghanistan as early as 1796, meanwhile news about the renewal of hostilities between England and France reached India.
Tipu again tried to gain advantage from the troubled conditions, and dispatched an embassy to Mauritius with letters to the French authorities there requesting them to make a common cause against the English in India. Also he tried to enlist support from Arabia, Constantinople, Versailles etc., through emissaries.
Lord Wellesley arrived at Madras (now Chennai) on 26 April 1798; he was bent upon waging war with Tipu, even though the Court of Directors was against such a drastic step. It was against this "aversion of the Company to any war" that Wellesley first declared war.
In a secret and confidential letter he wrote to Dundas that Mr. Bosanqeuet, the Chairman, in a private letter advised him "to temporize with our implacable enemy" and also suggested "to me the expediency of ceding our territories in Malabar to Tipu Sultan for the purpose of conciliating that ambitious and rapacious prince, and adding that by this maneuver we should at once extricate ourselves from our troublesome contests with our refractory subjects in Malabar."
Against this timid policy Wellesley reacted sharply saying, "It appeared to me to be a better expedient with a view to peace both with Mysore and Malabar to seize the whole of Tipu Sultan's kingdom with all its resources civil and military".
It is clear that Wellesley would have declared war against Tipu much earlier if he had not been thwarted by the government of Madras (now Chennai) which followed a policy of appeasement towards their inexorable foe. He therefore promptly set aside the timid plans projected by the Madras (Chennai) Council and decided upon war with Mysore and made preparations for it.
In addition to other preparations, he hoped to revive the Triple Alliance of 1790 and in that attempt he succeeded in winning over the Nizam to his side and brought him under a subsidiary alliance. As per this treaty, the Nizam disbanded all his French troops and accepted a British subsidiary force for his protection at his own cost. The Marathas at this time showed no interest in the war and refrained from any involvement.
Lyall says that the Marathas after the third Mysore War were vigilant over the danger of the fast rise of English power and distrustful of the English alliance they were determined not to assist the English in crushing a rival even though that rival is the Muhammadan ruler of Mysore. Mornington addressed from Fort St. George an order to General Harris not to delay the march of the army one hour but to enter Mysore and March upon Seringapatam.
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