What were the steps taken to clean up London in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries ??
Answers
1. attempts were made to decongest the localities, green the open places, reduce pollution and landscape the city.
2. large blocks of aprtments were built and rent control was introduced to ease the impact of sever housing shortage.
3. a new garden city of new eaeswick was made with common gardens, beautiful views where people would live and work
4. b/w the world wars ,one million houses -most of them single family cottages were built for the working class
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(i) Housing problem: The most important problem of London was housing the migrants. To house the new migrants and workers large block of apartments were built.
(ii) Principle of Garden City and Green Belt: Architect and planner Ebenezer Howard developed the principle of the Garden city, a pleasant space full of plants and trees, where people would both live ar.c work. Many architects also supported the idea of Green Belt around London
(iii) Housing and British government: Between the two World Wars (1919-391 the responsibility for housing the working classes was accepted by the British state, and a million houses, most of them single – family- cottages. were built by local authorities. Meanwhile, the City had extended beyond the range where people could walk to work, and the development of suburbs made new forms of mass transport absolutely necessary.
(iv) New transport system: The London underground railway was built to carry- people to arid fro the city. As a result the population of the city became more dispersed.
(v) Control over Criminalisation: To check the growth of criminalisation. the population of criminals was counted, their activities ware watched, and their ways of life were investigated. In an attempt to discipline the population, the authorities imposed high penalties for crime and offered work to those who were considered the deserving poor.
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(i)Decongestion of localities by introduction of rent control.
(ii)Increasing green open spaces by building suburbs or country side homes by the rich aristocratic.
(iii)Pollution reduction by building green belt around the city of London.
(iv)Landscaping and building cottages for single family.