what were the views of John Locke in French Revolution
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John Locke (1632–1704) was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. He was born shortly before the English Civil War. He science and medicine at Oxford University and became a professor there.
He sided with the Protestant Parliament against the Roman Catholic King James II in the Glorious Revolution of 1688–89.This event reduced the power of the king and made Parliament the major authority in English government.
Locke’s writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau and many others. His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.
In 1690, Locke published his Two Treatises of Government. He argued that natural rights such as life, liberty, and property existed in the state of nature and could never be taken away or even voluntarily given up by individuals. These rights were “inalienable”.
John Locke’s conception of the social contract retains the central notion that persons in a state of nature would willingly come together to form a state. For him, the social contract was between the people and the state. Locke argued that individuals would agree to form a state that would provide a “neutral judge”, acting to protect the lives, liberty, and property of those who lived within it.
Locke argued that government’s legitimacy comes from the citizens’ delegation to the government of their right of self-defense . The government thus acts as an impartial, objective agent of that self-defense, rather than each man acting as his own judge, jury, and executioner—the condition in the state of nature. In this view, government derives its “just powers from the consent of the governed”.
He sided with the Protestant Parliament against the Roman Catholic King James II in the Glorious Revolution of 1688–89.This event reduced the power of the king and made Parliament the major authority in English government.
Locke’s writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau and many others. His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.
In 1690, Locke published his Two Treatises of Government. He argued that natural rights such as life, liberty, and property existed in the state of nature and could never be taken away or even voluntarily given up by individuals. These rights were “inalienable”.
John Locke’s conception of the social contract retains the central notion that persons in a state of nature would willingly come together to form a state. For him, the social contract was between the people and the state. Locke argued that individuals would agree to form a state that would provide a “neutral judge”, acting to protect the lives, liberty, and property of those who lived within it.
Locke argued that government’s legitimacy comes from the citizens’ delegation to the government of their right of self-defense . The government thus acts as an impartial, objective agent of that self-defense, rather than each man acting as his own judge, jury, and executioner—the condition in the state of nature. In this view, government derives its “just powers from the consent of the governed”.
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Locke believed that a government’s primary goals should be to foster moral responsibility
Protect individuals within that government
Civil society is an artificial condition that is enforced by the laws of man
Locke’s views were aimed toward modern democracies and were meant to clarify the relationships between man and state
Locke believed that government should be selected by and follow the will of the majority, which was a fundamental assertion of the Revolution
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