Question

what will be the answer to 2⁶⁴​

Answer 1

Answer:

2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2××2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2+2×2. =. 18446744073709551616

Answer 2

Answer: Number of digits in 2^64=1+int(64*log2)=1+int(64*0.30103)=20digits.

Check: 2^64=18,446,744,073,709,551,616.

Step-by-step explanation:

Step:1So, I will break down the entire working of the algorithm in a step by step process. The overall functioning of SHA-512 is very similar to SHA-256 ( most probably my next article ), so if you already know about it, understanding the SHA-512 algorithm will be really simple.The first step is to carry out the padding function in which we append a certain number of bits to the plaintext message to increase its length, which should be exactly 128 bits less than an exact multiple of 1024.When we are appending these bits at the end of the message we start with a ‘1’ and then keep on adding ‘0’ till the moment we reach the last bit that needs to be appended under padding and leave the 128 bits after that.

Step:2Now, we add the remaining 128 bits left to this entire block to make it an exact multiple of 1024, so that the whole thing can be broken down in ’n’ number of 1024 blocks of message that we will apply our operation on. The way to calculate the rest of the 128 bits is by calculating the modulo with 2⁶⁴.Once done, we append it to the padded bit and the original message to make the entire length of the block to be “n x 1024” in length.

Step:3Now, that we have “n x 1024” length bit message that we need to hash, let us focus on the parts of the hashing function itself. To carry on the hash and the computations required, we need to have some default values initialized.Having a look at the above image you get the idea that we will be working on 80 rounds and the input, W will be derived from the 1024 bits, which is further divided into 16 parts. The value of W from 0 to 15 is the message in plaintext but the values of W from 16 to 79 is calculated from the previous 16 blocks and we have the formula mentioned below.$W(t) = σ¹(Wᵗ⁻²) + Wᵗ⁻⁷ + σ⁰(Wᵗ⁻¹⁵) + Wᵗ⁻¹⁶$

where,

$σ⁰(x) = ROTR¹(x) ϕ ROTR⁸(x) ϕ SHR⁷(x)$

$σ¹(x) = ROTR¹⁹(x) ϕ ROTR⁶¹(x) ϕ SHR⁶(x)$

$ROTRⁿ(x) = Circular right rotation of 'x' by 'n' bits$

$SHRⁿ(x) = Circular right shift of 'x' by 'n' bits$

$ϕ = addition modulo 2⁶⁴$

To learn more about similar questions visit:

https://brainly.in/question/54168352?referrer=searchResults

https://brainly.in/question/35148429?referrer=searchResults

#SPJ3