Question

what will be the effective nuclear charge at the periphery of Ti3+​

Answer 1

Explanation:

The effective nuclear charge (often symbolized as {\displaystyle Z_{\mathrm {eff} }}Z_{\mathrm{eff}} or {\displaystyle Z^{\ast }}Z^\ast) is the net positive charge experienced by an electron in a polyelectronic atom. The term "effective" is used because the shielding effect of negatively charged electrons prevents higher orbital electrons from experiencing the full nuclear charge of the nucleus due to the repelling effect of inner-layer electrons.