Question

what will be the net force on the cabinet?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Suppose that you want to move a heavy file cabinet, which is standing in the middle of your office, into a corner. You push on it, but nothing happens. What is going on?

You exert a force, but there is no acceleration. The net force must be zero.

Which force of equal magnitude points in a direction opposite to the direction of the force you are applying?

The force of static friction (fs) cancels the applied force when the cabinet is at rest while you are pushing on it.

You push harder. Eventually the cabinet breaks away and starts accelerating. But you have to keep on pushing just to keep it moving with a constant velocity. When you stop pushing, it quickly slows down and comes to rest. Why?

While the cabinet is moving the force of kinetic friction (fk) opposes the applied force. When it is moving with constant velocity, the two forces exactly cancel.

Where do these frictional forces come from? Frictional forces are intermolecular forces. These forces act between the molecules of two different surfaces that are in close contact with each other. On a microscopic scale, most surfaces are rough. Even surfaces that look perfectly smooth to the naked eye show many projections and dents under a microscope. The intermolecular forces are strongest where these projections and dents interlock resulting in close contact. The component of the intermolecular force normal to the surfaces provides the normal force which prevents objects from passing through each other and the component parallel to the surface is responsible for the frictional force.

imageAssume a cabinet is resting on the floor. Nobody is pushing on it. The net intermolecular force between the molecules of two different surfaces is normal to the surface. The force of gravity acting on the cabinet (red arrow) is balanced by the normal force from the floor acting on it (black arrow).

imageNow assume that you are pushing against the cabinet. The cabinet is not moving, but the surface molecules are displaced by microscopic amounts. This results in a net intermolecular force which has a component tangential to the surface (the force of static friction). This tangential component opposes the applied force. The net force on the cabinet is zero. The harder you push the greater is the microscopic displacement of the surface molecules and the greater is the tangential component of the net intermolecular force.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

The net force on the cabinet is zero.

Explanation:

• The net force is the sum of all forces acting on the object.
• Net force can be calculated using Newton's second law. This is F = ma. Where F is the net force. m is the mass of the object.
• The net force exerted on an object is the combined effect (total) of all compressive and tensile forces that actually act on the object.
• If the force pushing or pulling the object is not balanced (when a net force is acting), the object accelerates in the direction of the net force.