When a transistor is driving to cut off identity the output it is?
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The Bipolar Junction Transistor(BJT) is a three layer device constructed form two semiconductor diode junctions joined together, one forward biased and one reverse biased.
There are two main types of bipolar junction transistors, (BJT) the NPNand the PNP transistor.
Bipolar junction transistors are “Current Operated Devices” where a much smaller Base current causes a larger Emitter to Collectorcurrent, which themselves are nearly equal, to flow.
The arrow in a transistor symbol represents conventional current flow.
The most common transistor connection is the Common Emitter (CE) configuration but Common Base (CB) and Common Collector (CC) are also available.
Requires a Biasing voltage for AC amplifier operation.
The Base-Emitter junction is always forward biased whereas the Collector-Base junction is always reverse biased.
The standard equation for currents flowing in a transistor is given as: IE = IB + IC
The Collector or output characteristics curves can be used to find either Ib, Ic or β to which a load line can be constructed to determine a suitable operating point, Q with variations in base current determining the operating range.
A transistor can also be used as an electronic switch between its saturation and cut-off regions to control devices such as lamps, motors and solenoids etc.
Inductive loads such as DC motors, relays and solenoids require a reverse biased “Flywheel” diode placed across the load. This helps prevent any induced back emf’s generated when the load is switched “OFF” from damaging the transistor.
The NPN transistor requires the Base to be more positive than the Emitter while the PNP type requires that the Emitter is more positive than the Base.
There are two main types of bipolar junction transistors, (BJT) the NPNand the PNP transistor.
Bipolar junction transistors are “Current Operated Devices” where a much smaller Base current causes a larger Emitter to Collectorcurrent, which themselves are nearly equal, to flow.
The arrow in a transistor symbol represents conventional current flow.
The most common transistor connection is the Common Emitter (CE) configuration but Common Base (CB) and Common Collector (CC) are also available.
Requires a Biasing voltage for AC amplifier operation.
The Base-Emitter junction is always forward biased whereas the Collector-Base junction is always reverse biased.
The standard equation for currents flowing in a transistor is given as: IE = IB + IC
The Collector or output characteristics curves can be used to find either Ib, Ic or β to which a load line can be constructed to determine a suitable operating point, Q with variations in base current determining the operating range.
A transistor can also be used as an electronic switch between its saturation and cut-off regions to control devices such as lamps, motors and solenoids etc.
Inductive loads such as DC motors, relays and solenoids require a reverse biased “Flywheel” diode placed across the load. This helps prevent any induced back emf’s generated when the load is switched “OFF” from damaging the transistor.
The NPN transistor requires the Base to be more positive than the Emitter while the PNP type requires that the Emitter is more positive than the Base.
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