Question

When can i substitute -1 in modular exponentiation?

Answer 1

Hey friend!!

here is your answer!

The operation of modular exponentiation calculates the remainder when an integer b (the base) raised to the eth power (the exponent), be, is divided by a positive integer m (the modulus). In symbols, given base b, exponent e, and modulus m, the modular exponentiation c is: c = be mod m..

hope it's helpful..