When do farmers commit suicide in some areas Explain in brief. long answer
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Answer:
Farmer suicides in India refers to the national catastrophe of farmers committing suicide since the 1970s, due to their inability to repay loans mostly taken from private landlords and banks.
The National Crime Records Bureau of India reported that a total of 296,438 Indian farmers had committed suicide since 1995.[1] Out of these, 60,750 farmer suicides were in the state of Maharashtra since 1995 and the remaining in Odisha, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh, all states with loose financial and entry regulations.[2][3]
Earlier, governments had reported varying figures, from 5,650 farmer suicides in 2014[4] to the highest number of farmer suicides in 2004 of 18,241.[5] The farmer's suicide rate in India had ranged between 1.4 and 1.8 per 100,000 total population, over a 10-year period through 2005, however, the figures in 2017 and 2018 showed an average of more than 10 suicides daily or 5760 suicides per year.[6] There are accusations of states manipulating the data on farmer suicides, hence the real figures could be even higher.[7]
India is an agrarian country with around 70% of its people depending directly or indirectly upon agriculture. Agriculture had 15.4% share in economy of India in year 2017.[8] Around 41.49% of total labor are associated with agriculture in year 2020.[9] Farmer suicides account for 11.2% of all suicides in India.[4] Activists and scholars have offered a number of conflicting reasons for farmer suicides, such as anti farmer laws, high debt burdens, poor government policies, corruption in subsidies, crop failure, mental health, personal issues and family problems.[10][11][12]
Farmers' income rose by 30 per cent while their debt surged around 58 per cent between 2013 and 2019. As a result, farmers' debt as a percentage of their annual income shot up by 13 percentage points, according to latest data released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.[13]