When does a bill become a law?
Bill passed by both the houses
Bill passed by Lok Sabha and signed by President
Bill passed by Rajya Sabha and signed by President
Bill passed by both the houses and signed by President
Answers
Answer:
Bill passed by both the house and singed by the president .
Explanation:
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Answer:
First Reading
The legislative process begins with the introduction of a Bill in either House of Parliament, i.e. the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. A Bill can be introduced either by a Minister or by a private member. In the former case it is known as a Government Bill and in the latter case it is known as a Private Member's Bill. It is necessary for a member-in-charge of the Bill to ask for the leave of the House to introduce the Bill. If leave is granted by the House, the Bill is introduced. This stage is known as the First Reading of the Bill. If the motion for leave to introduce a Bill is opposed, the Speaker may, in his discretion, allow a brief explanatory statement to be made by the member who opposes the motion and the member-in-charge who moved the motion. Where a motion for leave to introduce a Bill is opposed on the ground that the Bill initiates legislation outside the legislative competence of the House, the Speaker may permit a full discussion thereon. Thereafter, the question is put to the vote of the House. However, the motion for leave to introduce a Finance Bill or an Appropriation Bill is forthwith put to the vote of the House.[9] Money/Appropriation Bills and financial bills can be introduced only in Lok Sabha per Articles 109, 110 and 117. Speaker of Lok Sabha decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not. The Vice-President of India, who is ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, decides whether a bill is a Money Bill or not when the bill is introduced in the Rajya Sabha.
The second stage of the Second Reading consists of clause-by-clause consideration of the Bill as introduced or as reported by Select/Joint Committee. Discussion takes place on each clause of the Bill and amendments to clauses can be moved at this stage. Amendments to a clause have been moved but not withdrawn are put to the vote of the House before the relevant clause is disposed of by the House. The amendments become part of the Bill if they are accepted by a majority of members present and voting. After the clauses, the Schedules if any, clause 1, the Enacting Formula and the Long Title of the Bill have been adopted by the House, the Second Reading is deemed to be over.[9]
Third and the last Reading Edit
Thereafter, the member-in-charge can move that the Bill be passed. This stage is known as the Third Reading of the Bill. At this stage the debate is confined to arguments either in support or rejection of the Bill without referring to the details thereof further than that are absolutely necessary. Only formal, verbal or consequential amendments are allowed to be moved at this stage. In passing an ordinary Bill, a simple majority of members present and voting is necessary. But in the case of a Bill to amend the Constitution, a majority of the total membership of the House and a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting is required in each House of Parliament.[9] If the number of votes in favour and against the bill are tied, then the Presiding officer of the concerned House can cast his/her vote, referred to as a Casting Vote Right.[9]
Passing a bill Edit
If at any time during a meeting of a House there is no quorum, which is a minimum of one-tenth of the total strength of a House, it is the duty of the Chairman or Speaker, or person acting as such, either to adjourn the House or to suspend the meeting until the quorum is met.[11] The bills taken up under legislative power of Parliament are treated as passed provided majority of members present at that time approved the bill either by voting or voice vote. It is also right of a member to demand voting instead of voice vote.[12] In case of passing a constitutional amendment bill, two-third of the total members present and voted in favour of the bill with more than half (50%) of the total membership of a house present and voting in all, is required according to Article 368 of the Constitution.
Bill in the other House Edit
After the Bill is passed by one House of Parliament, it is sent to the other House for concurrence with a message to that effect, and there also it goes through the stages described above, except the introduction stage.[9] If a Bill passed by one House is amended by the other House, it is sent back to the originating House for approval. If the originating House does not agree with the amendments, it will be that the two houses have disagreed. The other House may keep a money bill for 14 days and an ordinary Bill for three (3) months without passing (or rejecting) it. If it fails to return the Bill within the fixed time, the Bill is deemed to be passed by both the houses and is sent for the approval of the President.
At state level, it is not mandatory that a bill shall be passed by the legislative council (if existing) per Articles 196 to 199. There is no provision of conducting joint session of both Houses to pass a bill.