Question

When for some countries, the magnitudes are small and for other, the magnitudes are very large, to portray the data, it is preferred to construct: *
2 points
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Answer 1

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Original Article

Open Access

Published: 09 January 2020

A database of damaging small-to-medium magnitude earthquakes

Cecilia I. Nievas, Julian J. Bommer, […]Marialuigia Sangirardi

Journal of Seismology volume 24, pages263–292(2020)Cite this article

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Abstract

Interest in small-to-medium magnitude earthquakes and their potential consequences has increased significantly in recent years, mostly due to the occurrence of some unusually damaging small events, the development of seismic risk assessment methodologies for existing building stock, and the recognition of the potential risk of induced seismicity. As part of a clear ongoing effort of the earthquake engineering community to develop knowledge on the risk posed by smaller events, a global database of earthquakes with moment magnitudes in the range from 4.0 to 5.5 for which damage and/or casualties have been reported has been compiled and is made publicly available. The two main purposes were to facilitate studies on the potential for earthquakes in this magnitude range to cause material damage and to carry out a statistical study to characterise the frequency with which earthquakes of this size cause damage and/or casualties (published separately). The present paper describes the data sources and process followed for the compilation of the database, while providing critical discussions on the challenges encountered and decisions made, which are of relevance for its interpretation and use. The geographic, temporal, and magnitude distributions of the 1958 earthquakes that make up the database are presented alongside the general statistics on damage and casualties, noting that these stem from a variety of sources of differing reliability. Despite its inherent limitations, we believe it is an important contribution to the understanding of the extent of the consequences that may arise from earthquakes in the magnitude range of study.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

When for some countries, the magnitudes are small and for other, the magnitudes are very large, to portray the data, it is preferred to construct broken scale bar diagram.

Explanation:

What is broken scale bar diagram?

This graphic is utilized when the value of one variable is drastically high or low in relation to others. To create way for the smaller bar, the bigger bar in the series might be divided. The value of the easy bar is written on top of the bar.

To represent a break in the continuity of the high and low values on a value axis, a scale break is a line drawn through the plotting area of a chart (usually the vertical, or y-axis). Use a scale split to display two unique ranges in the same chart location.

Hence, when for some countries, the magnitudes are small and for other, the magnitudes are very large, to portray the data, it is preferred to construct broken scale bar diagram.

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