when gas expands in vaccum, work of expansion is
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☞︎︎︎ When an ideal gas expands into the vacuum it does zero work. Since the gas does not have to expend any internal energy for the expansion, the term free expansion. Since there is no change in internal energy, the temperature of the ideal gas does not change on free expansion.
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In effect, as the gas expands it is compressing its surroundings so the work done is the force exerted on the surroundings (i.e. the pressure of the surroundings times the area) times the distance moved. The extreme case of this is a Joule expansion where a gas expands into a vacuum i.e. the pressure of the surroundings is zero.
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