Question

when the glass vessel falls on a hard floor they break but they do not break when it falls on a carpet of sand

Answer 1

this is because when it falls on hard surface the force by which it was falling initially is reflected back from the hard surface and goes through the glass vessel shattering it however as it falls on the sand due to the softness the surface with sand compresses and absorbs the force so that the kinetic energy is safely transferred to potential energy saving the vessel from shattering as the energy flows to the ground and not back to the vessel

Answer 2

When the glass vessels fall on a hard floor, they break, but they do not break when they fall on a carpet (or sand)

When a glass vessel falls from a height on a hard floor, it comes to rest almost instantenousiy (i.e.,in a very short time) so the floor exerts a large force on the vessel and it breaks. But if it falls on carpet (or sand), the time duration in which the vessel comes to rest, increases and so the carpet (or sand) exerts a less force on the vessel and it does not break

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