when the magma escapes from below and pours out onto the surface of the earth ,. it is known as
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lava may be this is your answer dear
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An earthquake is a sudden, rapid shaking of the Earth caused by the release of energy stored in rocks. This energy can be built up and stored for many years and then released in seconds or minutes. Many earthquakes are so small that they can not be felt by humans. Some, on the other hand, have caused great destruction and have killed hundreds of thousands of people. The pink lines and dots on the map of the world above indicate the regions of earthquake activity.
There are two major regions of earthquake activity. One is the circum-Pacific belt which encircles the Pacific Ocean, and the other is the Alpide belt which slices through Europe and Asia. The circum-Pacific belt includes the West coasts of North America and South America, Japan, and the Phillipines.
Over one million earthquakes may occur each year on the Earth. Most earthquakes last only seconds, but some large quakes may last minutes. About 90% of all Earthquakes are produced at plate boundaries where two plates are colliding, spreading apart, or sliding past each other. When these plates move suddenly they release an incredible amount of energy that is changed into wave movement. Earthquake waves resemble sound and water waves in the manor in which they move. It is these waves that roll through the Earth's crust causing buildings to collapse, bridges to snap, mountains to rise, the ground to fall, and in some cases the ground to open up into huge cracks.
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Why do earthquakes occur? Scientists believed that the movement of the Earth's plates bends and squeezes the rocks at the edges of the plates. Sometimes this bending and squeezing puts great pressure on the rocks. Rocks are somewhat elastic, they can be bent without breaking. Have you ever stretched a rubberband? You know if you increase the tension too much though, the rubberband will snap!! Rock layers act somewhat the same way, if the pressures becomes too great the rock layer will break and move. When this occurs the layers will move along a crack in the Earth's crust called a fault or the release of energy will cause a new faultline to be produced. This rupture of the rocks and the resulting movement causes an earthquake