Question

When we do nitration of phenol why ortho nitrophenol is major product instead of para nitrophenol?

Answer 1

because o nitrophenol is more stable product than p nitrophenol due to h bonding

Answer 2

The answer is simple ortho substituted nitro phenol is the major product

Explanation:reason being the nitro in ortho position form intramolecular H bonding(please note its intra meaning within the unit we are discussing not with other nitrophenols) due to which it form 6 membered cyclic structure which increase the stability of ortho nitrophenol as we already know intramolecular H bond increases stability so ortho nitrophenol is the major product

My handwriting is rubbish so just get a feel from the structure formed due to h bond in ortho nitrophenol from the pic