where are railways developed in hilly areas and why? Trace their history in the colonial period.
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There are three mountain railways of India.
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway was the first and is the most outstanding example of hill passenger railway.
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway which is 46-Km long meter gauge single-track railway in Tamil Nadu State was completed in 1908.
The Kalka Shimla Railway, which is a 96 km long, single track working rail link built in 1910 to provide service to the highland town of Shimla.
The mountain railways emerged as a result of delayed interest evinced during British Raj for establishing control over the Himalayas and other mountain ranges of India.
Following hill stations were chosen for this purpose:
- Shimla
- Darjeeling
- Kangra Valley in Himachal Pradesh
- Ootacamund in the Nilgiri mountains of Tamilnadu
- Matheran in the Western Ghats near Mumbai
Development of the Hill Passenger Railway:
- Tramway between Siliguri and Darjeeling: worked started in 1878 complete in 1881.
- Nilgiri Mountain Railway in South India - initially proposed in 1854 - work started in 1894 - completed in 1908
- Kalka Shimla Railway link: commenced in 1898 to open up the remote hill regions to the rest of the country - inaugurated by the British Viceroy Lord Curzon in 1903
- Matheran-Narela toy train - commissioned in 1907
- Kangra line - Built-in 1929
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway was the first and is the most outstanding example of hill passenger railway.
The Nilgiri Mountain Railway which is 46-Km long meter gauge single-track railway in Tamil Nadu State was completed in 1908.
The Kalka Shimla Railway, which is a 96 km long, single track working rail link built in 1910 to provide service to the highland town of Shimla.
The mountain railways emerged as a result of delayed interest evinced during British Raj for establishing control over the Himalayas and other mountain ranges of India.
Following hill stations were chosen for this purpose:
- Shimla
- Darjeeling
- Kangra Valley in Himachal Pradesh
- Ootacamund in the Nilgiri mountains of Tamilnadu
- Matheran in the Western Ghats near Mumbai
Development of the Hill Passenger Railway:
- Tramway between Siliguri and Darjeeling: worked started in 1878 complete in 1881.
- Nilgiri Mountain Railway in South India - initially proposed in 1854 - work started in 1894 - completed in 1908
- Kalka Shimla Railway link: commenced in 1898 to open up the remote hill regions to the rest of the country - inaugurated by the British Viceroy Lord Curzon in 1903
- Matheran-Narela toy train - commissioned in 1907
- Kangra line - Built-in 1929
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