Where is Aceros found what is its characterised
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Pls mark me as brainliest. ........ Most hornbill species found in the tropical forests of Asia are known to be highly frugivorous and play an important functional role as seed dispersers, especially of large-seeded fruiting plants (Kannan & James 1999; Datta 2001; Kitamura
et al.
2004; Kinnaird & O’Brien 2007; Kitamura
et al.
2011; Naniwadekar 2014). Among the 32 Asian hornbill species (Poonswad
et al.
2013), 12 are listed as Vulnerable, Endangered, and/or Critically Endangered. One of the species listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN (BirdLife International 2012) is the Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis.
Its population is fast disappearing across much of its global range (Poonswad
et al.
1998; BirdLife International 2016; Trisurat
et al.
2013). The Rufous-necked Hornbill (hereinafter, RNH)
[120]
is restricted to hill evergreen forests in Bhutan, parts of north-eastern India in South Asia, northern Myanmar, southern China, western- and northern Thailand, northern Laos, and north-western Vietnam in mainland South-east Asia. It is reportedly extinct from Nepal and close to extinction in Vietnam (Poonswad
et al.
2013). The global population for this species is estimated to be more than 2500 but less than 10,000 birds
(Poonswad
et al.
2013).Much of what we know of the ecology of the RNH is from long-term studies in Thailand (Chimchome
et al.
1998; Ouithavon
et al.
2005; Tifong
et al.
2007; Jornburom
et al.
2010; Jinamoy
et al.
2013; Thongsikem
et al.
2014), and a few studies in eastern Arunachal Pradesh (Datta 2009; Naniwadekar & Datta 2013; Naniwadekar 2014; Naniwadekar
et al.
2015a, b, c).It is a species that is found in a limited elevational range (500–2000 m asl) in hill evergreen forests, although it is sympatric with several other hornbill species like the Wreathed Hornbill
Rhyticeros undulatus
, Great Hornbill
Buceros bicornis
, Austen’s Brown Hornbill
Anorrhinus austeni
, and Plain-pouched Hornbill
R. subruficollis
in some parts of its range (Jornburom
et al.
2010). Past studies on the feeding ecology of the RNH have found that fruits comprise more than 95% of its diet (Ouithavon
et al.
2005; Naniwadekar
et al.
2015c), most of which is made up of non-fig fruits.Within India, it is restricted to the Eastern Himalaya, mainly in northern West Bengal, and Arunachal Pradesh. It also occurs, to a lesser extent, in isolated hilly areas in Assam, Nagaland, and Mizoram (Naniwadekar
et al.
2016). From recent surveys, it appears that reasonably good populations of the RNH are mainly in Arunachal Pradesh (Naniwadekar
et al.
2015a,c). More detailed information on RNH populations in India is available only from the Namdapha Tiger Reserve and surrounding forests in eastern Arunachal Pradesh (Datta 2009; Naniwadekar & Datta 2013; Naniwadekar 2014; Naniwadekar
et al.
2015b). In Namdapha, the Wreathed Hornbill, Great Hornbill, and Brown Hornbill co-occur with the Rufous-necked Hornbill in mid-elevation forests
Abundance estimates of the Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis
, and characterisation of a montane subtropical forest in the Indian Eastern Himalaya
Ushma Shukla, Rohit Naniwadekar & Aparajita Datta
Shukla, U., Naniwadekar, R., & Datta, A., 2016. Abundance estimates of the Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis
, and characterisation of a montane subtropical forest in the Indian Eastern Himalaya.
Indian BIRDS
12 (4&5): 128–134.Ushma Shukla, Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
[email protected]
[Corresponding author]Rohit Naniwadekar, Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India.Aparajita Datta, Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India.
Manuscript received on 22 June 2016
.
Abstract
The Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis
is a globally threatened species with limited information available on its natural history and ecology across its range in South- and South-east Asia. Within India, it is among the most endangered and one of the least studied hornbill species. We report densities of the Rufous-necked Hornbill at a subtropical montane forest site in western Arunachal Pradesh. The estimated densities were found to be fairly high (6.12 birds/km
2
) and similar to estimates from other sites in India. We characterised the vegetation composition, overall tree density, and food plant density in the subtropical forest habitat.
120.
Male Rufous-necked Hornbill.
U s h m a S h u k l a
128
Indian BIRDS
V
OL
. 12 N
O
. 4 & 5 (P
UBL
. 14 N
OVEMBER
2016)
et al.
2004; Kinnaird & O’Brien 2007; Kitamura
et al.
2011; Naniwadekar 2014). Among the 32 Asian hornbill species (Poonswad
et al.
2013), 12 are listed as Vulnerable, Endangered, and/or Critically Endangered. One of the species listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN (BirdLife International 2012) is the Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis.
Its population is fast disappearing across much of its global range (Poonswad
et al.
1998; BirdLife International 2016; Trisurat
et al.
2013). The Rufous-necked Hornbill (hereinafter, RNH)
[120]
is restricted to hill evergreen forests in Bhutan, parts of north-eastern India in South Asia, northern Myanmar, southern China, western- and northern Thailand, northern Laos, and north-western Vietnam in mainland South-east Asia. It is reportedly extinct from Nepal and close to extinction in Vietnam (Poonswad
et al.
2013). The global population for this species is estimated to be more than 2500 but less than 10,000 birds
(Poonswad
et al.
2013).Much of what we know of the ecology of the RNH is from long-term studies in Thailand (Chimchome
et al.
1998; Ouithavon
et al.
2005; Tifong
et al.
2007; Jornburom
et al.
2010; Jinamoy
et al.
2013; Thongsikem
et al.
2014), and a few studies in eastern Arunachal Pradesh (Datta 2009; Naniwadekar & Datta 2013; Naniwadekar 2014; Naniwadekar
et al.
2015a, b, c).It is a species that is found in a limited elevational range (500–2000 m asl) in hill evergreen forests, although it is sympatric with several other hornbill species like the Wreathed Hornbill
Rhyticeros undulatus
, Great Hornbill
Buceros bicornis
, Austen’s Brown Hornbill
Anorrhinus austeni
, and Plain-pouched Hornbill
R. subruficollis
in some parts of its range (Jornburom
et al.
2010). Past studies on the feeding ecology of the RNH have found that fruits comprise more than 95% of its diet (Ouithavon
et al.
2005; Naniwadekar
et al.
2015c), most of which is made up of non-fig fruits.Within India, it is restricted to the Eastern Himalaya, mainly in northern West Bengal, and Arunachal Pradesh. It also occurs, to a lesser extent, in isolated hilly areas in Assam, Nagaland, and Mizoram (Naniwadekar
et al.
2016). From recent surveys, it appears that reasonably good populations of the RNH are mainly in Arunachal Pradesh (Naniwadekar
et al.
2015a,c). More detailed information on RNH populations in India is available only from the Namdapha Tiger Reserve and surrounding forests in eastern Arunachal Pradesh (Datta 2009; Naniwadekar & Datta 2013; Naniwadekar 2014; Naniwadekar
et al.
2015b). In Namdapha, the Wreathed Hornbill, Great Hornbill, and Brown Hornbill co-occur with the Rufous-necked Hornbill in mid-elevation forests
Abundance estimates of the Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis
, and characterisation of a montane subtropical forest in the Indian Eastern Himalaya
Ushma Shukla, Rohit Naniwadekar & Aparajita Datta
Shukla, U., Naniwadekar, R., & Datta, A., 2016. Abundance estimates of the Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis
, and characterisation of a montane subtropical forest in the Indian Eastern Himalaya.
Indian BIRDS
12 (4&5): 128–134.Ushma Shukla, Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
[email protected]
[Corresponding author]Rohit Naniwadekar, Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India.Aparajita Datta, Nature Conservation Foundation, 3076/5, 4th Cross, Gokulam Park, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India.
Manuscript received on 22 June 2016
.
Abstract
The Rufous-necked Hornbill
Aceros nipalensis
is a globally threatened species with limited information available on its natural history and ecology across its range in South- and South-east Asia. Within India, it is among the most endangered and one of the least studied hornbill species. We report densities of the Rufous-necked Hornbill at a subtropical montane forest site in western Arunachal Pradesh. The estimated densities were found to be fairly high (6.12 birds/km
2
) and similar to estimates from other sites in India. We characterised the vegetation composition, overall tree density, and food plant density in the subtropical forest habitat.
120.
Male Rufous-necked Hornbill.
U s h m a S h u k l a
128
Indian BIRDS
V
OL
. 12 N
O
. 4 & 5 (P
UBL
. 14 N
OVEMBER
2016)
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