Question

Whi was jacobin ? Who was their leader? Explain the role of jacobin in the french revolution.

Answer 1

Jacobins mainly included less prosperous sections of the society such as- shoemakers ,cooks ,printers ,servants ,artisans, watch-makers and daily-wage workers. Their leader was 'Maximilien Robespierre' . They were the most successful political club of France who abolished monarchy and declared France a 'Republic'

Answer 2

The Jacobins were members of an influential political club during the French Revolution. They were radical revolutionaries who plotted the downfall of the king and the rise of the French Republic. They are often associated with a period of violence during the French Revolution called "the Terror." Maximilian Robespierre was the leader of the Jacobin's club.

The Jacobin’s club was the most famous political club of the French Revolution. The members of this club mainly belonged to the less prosperous sections of the society. It became an important place whereby people discussed their political ideologies and took action for their self-interest.In some cases they were cruel. In many cases they were corrupt. However, they were practical and alert politicians who were prepared to run great risks."In spite of their constituting a minority in the National Convention they not only struck at the roots of their powerful opponents, Girondists, but also established their authority in France and brought the Paris Commune and the National Guards under their sway.As they were opportunists, they did not mind changing their policies again and again. In order to terrorize the supporters of the monarchy, they advocated the establishment of the Reign of Terror.The Committee of Public Safety, Committee of General Security, Revolutionary Tribunal and the Guillotine were the chief organs of the Reign of Terror by which the suspects were put to death after a summary trial.'Law of Maximum' and 'Law of Suspects' were the chief weapons to establish control over the public of France. Thousands of persons were guillotined by the help of 'Law of Suspects', and many were punished for non-compliance of the 'Law of Maximum'.Thus, during their reign of terror they exercised tremendous pressure of atrocities on the mankind and put an end to the Girondists who opposed their policy. Looking to the lawlessness, bloodshed and chaotic prevailing in France then, one might blame the Jacobins for their rule but their foreign policy proved to be a great success. Cannot, one of the Jacobins, organised the army of France in such a way, as it in crushing defeat on the armies of the foreign enemies and saved the capital from imminent downfall. The title of 'Organiser of Victories' was bestowed upon Carnot for his wonderful army organisation. But too much of terrorism proved dangerous for the existence of the Jacobin party. Their own differences of opinion created a gulf among the members. First of all, Danton became the victim of these differences and was guillotined. Robespierre followed him after a few days. A reaction called 'Thermidorian Reaction' took place after the death of Robespierre. It resulted in the downfall of the Paris Commune and the demolishing of the Revolutionary Tribunal. It also minimised the powers of the Committee of Public Safety. Thus the age of terror and bloodshed ended; and peace and order were restored in France after a long time