Which amendment to the cobstitution puts a true limit and other restrictions on emergency?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
In India, "the Emergency" refers to a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country. Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution because of the prevailing "internal disturbance", the Emergency was in effect from 26 June 1975 until its withdrawal in January 1977. The order bestowed upon the Prime Minister the authority to rule by decree, allowing elections to be suspended and civil liberties to be curbed. For much of the Emergency, most of Gandhi's political opponents were imprisoned and the press was censored. Several other human rights violations were reported from the time, including a forced mass-sterilization campaign spearheaded by Sanjay Gandhi, the Prime Minister's son. The Emergency is one of the most controversial periods of independent India's history.
The final decision to impose an emergency was proposed by Indira Gandhi, agreed upon by the president of India, and thereafter ratified by the cabinet and the parliament (from July to August 1975), based on the rationale that there were imminent internal and external threats to the Indian state.[1][2]
Answer:
The 44th Amendment Act in the year 1978 put a time limit on the national emergency.
Explanation:
- The national emergency can be extended for six months through a parliamentary resolution. Any further extension can only be in periods of 6 months.
- As per Article 352 of the Indian constitution, a national emergency could be announced in case of aggression by external powers or when there are internal disturbances.
- To prevent abuse of power, this was amended in 1978 through the 44th Amendment Act to state as ‘external aggression or war’ and to counter ‘armed rebellion’.