Question

Which among the following molecules has HCl , CH 4 i) zero dipole moment ii) non zero

dipole moment ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

ch4 has zero dipole movement

Answer 2

HCl has (ii) non-zero dipole moment and $CH_{4}$ has (i) zero dipole moment.

Dipole moment:

• There are two types of dipoles in electromagnetism:
• An electric dipole is responsible for the separation of positive and negative charges in an electromagnetic system.
• A simple example of this system is a pair of equal magnitude but opposite sign electric charges separated by a typically small distance.
• The dipole moment is used to determine a molecule's symmetry.
• Because molecules with two or more polar bonds are not symmetrical, they have some dipole moment.

Zero dipole moment:

• Non-polar molecules have zero dipole moment, whereas polar molecules have a dipole moment.
• In order to determine the structure (shape) of the molecules:
• Molecules with specific dipole moment values will be bent or angular in shape and will lack symmetry.

Non-Zero dipole moment:

• Water (H2O) has a triangular structure with an oxygen atom at the top and two hydrogen atoms on the base sides.
• The dipole bonds are also equal in magnitude but do not oppose each other.
• Hence it has a non-zero dipole moment.

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