which an artificial lanthanoid
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The lanthanide or lanthanoid series of chemical elements comprises the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanumthrough lutetium. These elements, along with the chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium, are often collectively known as the rare earth elements.
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The Lanthanoids[The Lanthanides \The Lanthanons]{Ln} are a group of elements grouped in the periodic table based on common properties, which are commonly known as the Rare Earth Metals. This is a group of 14 metals including Lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Promethium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, and Lutetium.
All but one of the lanthanides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 4f electron shell; depending on the source, either Lanthanum or Lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln3+, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from Lanthanum to Lutetium.
The element Promethium(Pm) had been first synthesised in the laboratory, but later obtained naturally from the decay of primordial radioactive elements. It is the only unstable element in the group of the lanthanides, which is used in the laboratory more in the artificial forms and isotopes...