Which are the major physical divisions of India? Give an account of physiographic division of Himalayas along with its economic importance
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
The Indian mainland has been broadly divided into four geographical areas: the Northern Mountains of the Himalayan region; the great Northern Plains; the Deccan Peninsula; the coastal plains and Islands.
The Himalayas may be divided into three parallel ranges:
(a) Greater Himalayas or Himadari
(b) Lesser Himalayas or Himachal
(c) Outer Himalayas or Siwaliks.
(a) The Greater Himalayas or Himadari:
- northernmost ranges and peaks.
- average height of 6000 metres and width lies between 120 to 190 Kms.
- It has high peaks like Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga, Makalu, Dhaulagiri, Nanga Parbat etc. Mt.
Everest (8848 m) is the highest peak in the world and Kanchenjunga is the highest peak of
Himalaya in India.
- passes exist in this range, namely, Bara Lacha-La, Shipki-La, Nathu-La, Zoji-La etc.
- The Ganga and Yamuna rivers originate from the Himalayas.
(b) The Lesser Himalayas or Himachal:
- height 1000 and 4500 metres
- average width is 50 KM.
- ranges in this are PirPanjal, DhaulaDharand Mahabharata ranges.
- hill stations like Shimla, Dalhousie Darjeeling, Chakrata, Mussoorie, Nainital etc.
- valleys like Kashmir, Kullu, Kangra etc.
(c) The Outer Himalayas or the Siwaliks: outermost range of the Himalayas.
- height varies from 900-1100 meters and the width lies between 10-50 KM.
- valleys lying between Siwalik and Lesser Himalayas (Himachal) are called ‘Duns’ like Dehra
Dun, Kotli Dun and Patli Dun.
Answer:
Based on physical features, India can be divided into the following six divisions
The Northern mountains
2. The Northern Plains
3. The Indian Desert
4.The Peninsular Plateau
5. The Coastal Plains
6. The Islands.
Physiographic division of Himalayas
(a) The Greater Himalayas or Himadari:
- northernmost ranges and peaks.
- average height of 6000 metres and width lies between 120 to 190 Kms.
- It has high peaks like Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga, Makalu, Dhaulagiri, Nanga Parbat etc. Mt.
Everest (8848 m) is the highest peak in the world and Kanchenjunga is the highest peak of
Himalaya in India.
- passes exist in this range, namely, Bara Lacha-La, Shipki-La, Nathu-La, Zoji-La etc.
- The Ganga and Yamuna rivers originate from the Himalayas.
(b) The Lesser Himalayas or Himachal:
- height 1000 and 4500 metres
- average width is 50 KM.
- ranges in this are PirPanjal, DhaulaDharand Mahabharata ranges.
- hill stations like Shimla, Dalhousie Darjeeling, Chakrata, Mussoorie, Nainital etc.
- valleys like Kashmir, Kullu, Kangra etc.
(c) The Outer Himalayas or the Siwaliks:
- outermost range of the Himalayas.
- height varies from 900-1100 meters and the width lies between 10-50 KM.
- valleys lying between Siwalik and Lesser Himalayas (Himachal) are called ‘Duns’ like Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun and Patli Dun.
Economic importance
1) The Himalayas act as a barrier to the South West monsoon winds. When they strike the Himalayas, they shed their moisture bringing much-needed rainfall in the country's nothern parts. Indian agriculture is immensely benefited by the Monsoons.
2) Many hill stations have been developed in the Himalayan region like Shimla, Manali, Dharamshala, Nainital etc. The Himalayas are known for their scenic beauty and are visited by tourists worldwide bringing much needed foreign currency into the country.
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