Question

Which blood vessel carries blood for oxygenation

Answer 1

Answer:

pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood for oxidation.

Answer 2

Answer:

The pulmonary artery channels oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle into the lungs, where oxygen enters the bloodstream. The pulmonary veins bring oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium. The aorta channels oxygen-rich blood to the body from the left ventricle.

Explanation:

◉LET'S EXPLORE MORE

✯The Function of Heart

The function of the heart in any organism is to maintain a constant flow of blood throughout the body. This replenishes oxygen and circulates nutrients among the cells and tissues.

• One of the primary function of the human heart is to pump blood throughout the body.

• Blood delivers oxygen, hormones, glucose and other components to various parts of the body, including the human heart.

• The heart also ensures that adequate blood pressure is maintained in the body

✯Types of Circulation

• ☆Pulmonary circulation is a portion of circulation responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood away from the heart, to the lungs and then brings oxygenated blood back to the heart.

• ☆Systemic circulation is another portion of circulation where the oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to every organ and tissue in the body, and deoxygenated blood comes back again to the heart.

Now, the heart itself is a muscle and therefore, it needs a constant supply of oxygenated blood. This is where another type of circulation comes into play, the coronary circulation.

• Coronary circulation is an essential portion of the circulation, where oxygenated blood is supplied to the heart. This is important as the heart is responsible for supplying blood throughout the body.

• Moreover, organs like the brain need a steady flow of fresh, oxygenated blood to ensure functionality.

✯Structure of the Human Heart

The human heart is about the size of a human fist and is divided into four chambers, namely two ventricles and two atria. The ventricles are the chambers that pump blood and atrium are the chambers that receive blood. Among which both right atrium and ventricle make up the “right heart,” and the left atrium and ventricle make up the “left heart.” The structure of the heart also houses the biggest artery in the body – the aorta.

✯External Structure of Heart

One of the very first structures which can be observed when the external structure of the heart is viewed is the pericardium.

☆Pericardium

• The human heart is situated to the left of the chest and is enclosed within a fluid-filled cavity described as the pericardial cavity.

• The pericardium is a fibre membrane found as an external covering around the heart. It protects the heart by producing a serous fluid, which serves to lubricate the heart and prevent friction between the surrounding organs. The pericardium has two exclusive layers—

☆Visceral Layer:

• It directly covers the outside of the heart.

☆Parietal Layer:

• It forms a sac around the outer region of the heart that contains the fluid in the pericardial cavity.

✯Structure of the Heart Wall

The heart wall is made up of 3 layers, namely:

☆Epicardium –

• Epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart. It is composed of a thin-layered membrane that serves to lubricate and protect the outer section.

☆Myocardium –

• This is a layer of muscle tissue, and it constitutes the middle layer wall of the heart. It contributes to the thickness and responsible for the pumping action.

☆Endocardium –

• It is the innermost layer that lines the inner heart chambers and covers the heart valves. Furthermore, it prevents the blood from sticking to the inner walls, thereby preventing potentially fatal blood clots.

✯Internal Structure of Heart

The internal structure of the heart is rather intricate with several chambers and valves that control the flow of blood.

☆Chambers of the Heart

Vertebrate hearts can be classified based on the number of chambers present. For instance, most fish have two chambers, reptiles and amphibians have three chambers. Humans are mammals; hence, we have four chambers, namely:

• Left atrium
• Right atrium
• Left ventricle
• Right ventricle

• ☆Atria are thin, less muscular walls and smaller than ventricles. These are the blood-receiving chambers that are fed by the large veins.

• ☆Ventricles are larger and more muscular chambers responsible for pumping and pushing blood out to the circulation. These are connected to larger arteries that deliver blood for circulation.

• The right ventricle and right atrium are comparatively smaller than the left chambers. The walls consist of fewer muscles compared to the left portion, and the size difference is based on their functions.