Which derivative of benzene shows maximum reactivity in electrophilic substitution
reactions?
A) Benzaldehyde
B) Benzoic acid
C) Methyl benzene
D) Nitrobenzene
Plz explain this
Answers
Answer:
Methyl benzene
Explanation:
In electrophilic substitution reactions, benzene acts as a nucleophile to replace a substituent with a new electrophile. So, benzene becomes less reactive when deactivating groups are present on it. Deactivating groups are often good electron-withdrawing groups.
Methylbenzene shows maximum reactivity among these options because CH3 donates via hyperconjugation which activates the ring weakly. Whereas NO2 in nitrobenzene is a strong deactivating group that decreases the reactivity.
Methyl benzene shows maximum reactivity in electrophilic substitution reactions.
Option: C
Explanation:
- Methyl Benzene has a methyl to attached to the benzene ring which acts as an electrophile.
- It increases the reactivity of the benzene ring since it has three Alpha hydrogen which have high capability to hyperconjugate.
- During electrophilic substitution reaction benzene acts as a nucleophile and the group that has to be added acts as the electrophile.
- Nitro group or carboxylic acid group or aldehyde group have negative inductive effect which reduces the reactivity of the benzene ring towards an electrophile. Hence the correct answer will be Methyl Benzene.
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