Which epidemic is spread due to virus this year in India ? Write the name of the disease and its common sympiltoms ? Class 8th NCERT
Answers
Answer:
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Introduction
According to the World Health Organisation “over 13 million people die each year from Infectious and Parasitic Diseases: One in two deaths in some developing countries. Poor people, women, children, and the elderly are the most vulnerable. Infectious diseases continue to be the world’s leading killer of young adults and children” [1].
Socioeconomic, environmental and behavioural factors, as well as international travel and migration, foster and increase the spread of Communicable Diseases. Vaccine-preventable, foodborne, zoonotic, health care-related and communicable diseases pose significant threats to human health and may sometimes threaten international health security [2].
According to Lindahl and Grace (2015), communicable diseases have had civilisation-altering consequences throughout history. An estimated 50–100 million humans worldwide succumbed to infection during the Spanish Flu Pandemic in 1918–1920 while rinderpest was in part responsible for death by starvation of almost two-thirds of the East African Massai population after it caused massive death to livestock. [3]
As a result of better living conditions, increased access to health care including better vaccines, advent of antibiotics and improved surveillance and monitoring in relation to public health, the proportion of infectious diseases was trending downwards during the early Twentieth Century. However, an increase in the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases became evident in many parts of the world towards the later part of the Twentieth Century. [3] [4]
Weiss & McMichael (2015)[4] highlight that over 30 new, emerging diseases have been identified, including COVID 19, Legionnaires' Disease, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Hepatitis C, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) / Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD), several Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and, most recently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Avian Influenza, Ebola and Zika Virus. The authors in part relate the emergence of these diseases and the resurgence of old ones such as Tuberculosis and Cholera to various changes in human ecology including;
rural-to-urban migration resulting in high-density peri-urban slums
increasing long-distance mobility and trade
the social disruption of war and conflict
changes in personal behavior
human-induced global changes, including widespread forest clearance and climate change. [4]
What are Communicable Diseases
Communicable diseases are those that are spread from one person to another through a variety of methods. Socioeconomic, environmental and behavioural factors, as well as international travel and migration, foster and increase the spread of Communicable Diseases. Vaccine-preventable, foodborne, zoonotic, healthcare-related and communicable diseases pose significant threats to human health and may sometimes threaten international health security. How these diseases spread depends on the specific pathogen or infectious agent and means of transmission: [5]
Answer:
covid19
Explanation:
Most common symptoms:
fever
dry cough
tiredness
Less common symptoms:
aches and pains
sore throat
diarrhoea
conjunctivitis
headache
loss of taste or smell
a rash on skin, or discolouration of fingers or toes