Question

Which equation(s) might be used to illustrate the action of nitric acid as NOT an oxidant

(A) P4O10 + 4HNO3 4HPO3+2N2O5 (B) 6Fe2+ + 8HNO3  6Fe3+ 2NO + 4H2O + 6NO

(C) CO + 2HNO3 CO2+H2O +2NO (D) Cu + 4HNO3  Cu2+ + 2NO + 2H2O + 2NO2
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Answer 1

Explanation:

Copper is a reddish-brown metal, widely used in plumbing and electrical wiring; it is perhaps most familiar to people in the United States in the form of the penny. (Although since 1983, pennies are actually made of zinc surrounded by a paper-thin copper foil to give them the traditional appearance of pennies.) Copper is oxidized by concentrated nitric acid, HNO3, to produce Cu2+ ions; the nitric acid is reduced to nitrogen dioxide, a poisonous brown gas with an irritating odor:

Cu(s) + 4HNO3(aq) ——> Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

When the copper is first oxidized, the solution is very concentrated, and the Cu2+ product is initially coordinated to nitrate ions from the nitric acid, giving the solution first a green, and then a greenish-brownish color. When the solution is diluted with water, water molecules displace the nitrate ions in the coordinate sites around the copper ions, causing the solution to change to a blue color.

In dilute nitric acid, the reaction produces nitric oxide, NO, instead:

3Cu(s) + 8HNO3(aq) ——> 3Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l)

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