which events from golden temple in 1980 disturbed the peace of Punjab?
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Answer:
The insurgency in Punjab originated in the early 1980s, was a rebellion against the government of India by a militant Sikh nationalist group called the Khalistan movement.[14] In the 1980s the movement had developed into a secessionist movement under the leadership of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale.[15] The Green revolution brought several socio-economic changes which along with factionalism of the politics in the Punjab state increased tension between a section of Sikhs in Punjab with the union Government of India.[14] Pakistani strategists then began supporting the militant dimension of the Khalistan movement.[14]
In 1972 Punjab state elections, Congress won and Akali Dal was defeated. In 1973 Akali Dal put forward the Anandpur Sahib Resolution to demand more autonomic powers to the state of Punjab.[16] The Congress government considered the resolution a secessionist document and rejected it.[17] Bhindranwale then joined the Akali Dal to launch the Dharam Yudh Morcha in 1982, to implement Anandpur Sahib resolution. Bhindranwale had risen to prominence in the Sikh political circle with his policy of getting the Anandpur Resolution passed, failing which he wanted to declare a separate country of Khalistan as a homeland for Sikhs.[18]
Bhindranwale symbolized the revivalist, extremist and terrorist movement in the 1980s in Punjab.[19] He is credited with the launching the Sikh militancy in Punjab,[15][according to whom?] with training and support from the spy agency ISI of Pakistan.[6] Under Bhindranwale, the number of people initiating into the Khalsa increased. He also increased the level of rhetoric on the perceived "assault" on Sikh values from the Hindu community.[15] Bhindranwale and his followers started carrying firearms at all times.[15] In 1983, to escape arrest, he along with his militant cadre occupied and fortified the Sikh shrine Akal Takht .[20] He made the Sikh religious building his headquarters and led the terrorist campaign in Punjab with the strong backing of Major General Shabeg Singh.[21]
On 1 June Operation Blue Star was launched to remove him and the armed militants from the Golden Temple complex. On 6 June Bhindranwale was killed by military in the operation.[22] The operation carried out in the Gurudwara caused outrage among the Sikhs and increased the support for Khalistan Movement.[14] Four months after the operation, on 31 October 1984, Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi was assassinated in vengeance by her two bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh.[23] Public outcry over Gandhi's death led to the slaughter of Sikhs in the ensuing 1984 Sikh Massacre.[24] These events played a major role in the violence by Sikh militant groups supported by Pakistan and consumed Punjab until the early 1990s when the Khalistan movement eventually died out.[25]
The extremist violence had started with targeting of the Nirankaris and followed by attack on the government machinery and the Hindus. Ultimately the Sikh militants also targeted other Sikhs with opposing viewpoints. This led to further loss of public support and the militants were eventually brought under control of law enforcement agencies by 1993.[26]
Answer:In October 1984 Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards in what was thought to be a revenge attack for what happened at the Golden Temple. A month later, more than 3,000 people were killed in anti-Sikh riots across India.The temple was destroyed several times by Afghan invaders and was finally rebuilt in marble and copper overlaid with gold foil during the reign (1801–39) of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The structure thus became known as the Golden Temple.
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