Which factors determine the climate of Rajasthan? What are the main features of the climate of Rajasthan?
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Answer:
CLIMATE OF RAJASTHAN
The climate in India keeps varying as per the latitude, altitude and season. Now, coming to Rajasthan, the climate here keeps varying because of its topography. It is the driest region in India. Rajasthan is located in the north western part of India and thus, it is more prone to different climatic changes. While the western part of Rajasthan is dry and infertile, the southwestern part is hilly and wet.
The climate of Rajasthan keeps varying throughout the state. In the desert areas, it is usually hot and dry in summer and cold during the winters. Coming to the Aravali range, to the west, both rainfall and humidity are low. While to the east, weather can be characterized by high humidity and better rainfall. Below, we have further discussed about the climate in Rajasthan by dividing it into four seasons: Summer, Monsoon, Post-Monsoon and Winter.
Summer
The hottest of all seasons, summer extends in Rajasthan from April to June. During summers, the temperature in Rajasthan is very high and it ranges somewhere between 32 degree Celsius and 46 degree Celsius. The place has an average temperature of 38 degree Celsius. The only place in the state which has a lower temperature during this season is Mt Abu. At day, hot winds blow from the west and these winds are called ‘Loo’.
Monsoon
The monsoon season in Rajasthan extends from July to September. In this season, the temperature lowers down but the place witnesses increased humidity. The temperature ranges from 35 degree Celsius to 40 degree Celsius. Around 90% rains occur during this period.
Post Monsoon
The Post monsoon season lasts from October to November. The temperature during this season ranges from 33 degree Celsius to 38 degree Celsius.
Winter
People enjoy winter season in Rajasthan from December to March. During this season, light winds blow from the north and north east. The temperature ranges from 4 Degree Celsius to 28 Degree Celsius. In areas like Mt Abu and Churu, the temperature drops to 0 degree Celsius.
Rainfall in Rajasthan
Like the climate, rainfall also keeps varying throughout the state of Rajasthan. Most of the rainfall is received from the South west monsoon in the period from July to September. The average number of rainy days usually varies from 6 to 42 depending on the dryness of the area. The average annual rainfall ranges between 200-400 mm and it is as low as 150 mm in extreme dry zones. In the south eastern part of Rajasthan, rainfall is as high as 1000mm. There are some parts in western Rajasthan which receive very little rain and on an average; it is only 100 mm per year. The Aravalli range receives high rainfall and low temperature throughout the year