Question

Which function will be affect if abducens nerve is injured?

Answer 1

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here is your answer :-

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The sixth cranial nerve, the abducens nerve, is the longest cranial nerve in the body. It is responsible for ipsilateral eye abduction/horizontal gaze. Dysfunction of the abducens nerve can occur at any point of its transit from the pons to the lateral rectus muscle, resulting in sixth nerve palsy. To understand the causes of abducens nerve palsy, one must have a good grasp of the anatomy of the nerve as it transverses the brain. The abducens nerve begins in the pons near the seventh cranial nerve before exiting the brainstem. At this point, it travels into the subarachnoid space and moves along the skull at the clivus. It then travels to the basal skull at the petrous apex of the temporal bone where it enters the cavernous sinus. In the cavernous sinus, the internal carotid will be located medially as compared to the abducens nerve. The trigeminal nerve will be found just laterally in the cavernous sinus. The abducens nerve then enters the orbit via the superior orbital fissure and innervates the lateral rectus muscle, resulting in eye abduction.

Etiology

As discussed above, the determining etiology of abducens nerve palsy requires knowledge of the nerve path. Neoplasm and trauma may affect the abducens nerve at any point along its path and cause a resulting palsy. Other causes are best broken down by the location of the abducens nerve.

Nuclear and fascicular causes include etiologies that affect the pons directly, including ischemic stroke and metabolic disease such as Wernicke disease. Demyelinating lesions may also affect this portion of the nerve. These nuclear causes may be associated with facial nerve palsies, secondary to the close proximity of the two cranial nerves in the pons. 

As the abducens nerve enters the subarachnoid space, other etiologies may arise resulting in palsy.  In these cases, the palsy is primarily because of the increased intracranial pressure. As such, other symptoms such as a headache, nausea, vomiting, and papilledema may be noted.  Causes include an aneurysm, carcinomatous meningitis, procedure-related injury (e.g., spinal anesthesia, post-lumbar puncture), inflammatory lesions (e.g., sarcoid, lupus), infection (e.g., Lyme disease, syphilis, tuberculosis, Cryptococcus).

As the abducens nerve courses over the petrous apex, causes of related palsy include complicated otitis media or mastoiditis, sinus thrombosis, and basal skull fracture.

As the abducens nerve traverses the cavernous sinus, the resultant palsy is typically secondary to stretching of the abducens nerve. The etiologies to be considered include cavernous sinus thrombosis, cavernous sinus fistula, and internal carotid aneurysm or dissection.

Finally, orbital lesions also may cause an abducens nerve palsy.  These include neoplasm, inflammatory disease, infection, or trauma.



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I hope it helps you
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Answer 2

hey mate.......



Damage to the peripheral part of the abducens nerve will cause double vision (diplopia), due to the unopposed action of the medial rectus muscle. The affected eye is pulled to look towards the midline. ... Partial damage to the abducens nerve causes weak or incomplete abduction of the affected eye.



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