Question

Which hormones are produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary?

Answer 1

These hormones are stored or released into the blood via the capillary plexus. The posterior pituitary gland does not produce hormones, but rather stores and secretes hormones produced by the hypothalamus. The paraventricular nuclei produce the hormone oxytocin, whereas the supraoptic nuclei produce ADH.

Answer 2

NCERT based Answer for Class 11 Biology Students

Hormones of Posterior Pituitary:

 Posterior pituitary does not synthesize hormones of its own but stores and release two hypothalamic hormones: oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) also called vasopressin.

 After their production in cell bodies of neurosecretory cells in hypothalamus, these hormones are packed into vesicles and move to axon terminals in posterior pituitary.

 Nerve impulses that propagate along axon reach axon terminals and trigger exocytosis of secretary vesicles.

 Oxytocin:

 It acts on smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction.

 In females, it stimulates a vigorous contraction of uterus at the time of child birth. Therefore it is also known as birth hormone.

 After delivery, it stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands. . Therefore it is also known as milk ejecting hormone.

Vasopressin: It acts on kidneys and stimulates reabsorption of water and electrolytes by distal tubules and hence reduces loss of water through urine (diuresis). Hence, it is also called as anti – diuretic hormone (ADH).

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