Question

Which incident marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement. How was the Civil Disobedience Movement different from the Non Co-operation Movement?

Answer 1

Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Salt March accompanied by 78 of his trusted volunteers. The March was over 240 miles and volunteers walked for 24 days. On 6th April, 1930, they reached Dandi and ceremonially violated the salt law and manufactured salt by boiling sea water. This marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement. The Civil Disobedience Movement was different from the Non-Cooperation Movements in the following manners:


Non-Cooperation Movement:-

This movement started in 1921 when India got disgusted due to Rowlatt Act and Jallianwalla Bagh massacre.

Muslim participated in this movement in great numbers.

In this movement people were asked not to cooperate with the British.

Women did NCT participate in this movement on a large scale.

Civil Disobedience Movement:-

This movement started in 1930 when Gandhi’s eleven demands were rejected by the colonial government.

In this movement the response of the Muslims was lukewarm.

In this movement people not only refused to cooperate with the British but also broke colonial laws.

Women participated in this movement in a large scale. They, along with Gandhiji, manufactured salt. They also played active role in picketing foreign cloth and liquor shops.

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Answer 2

The Civil Disobedience Movement was different from the Non-Cooperation Movement. The main differences between these two movements are
(i) The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in 1921 by Gandhiji, but the Civil Disobedience Movement was launched in 1930.
(ii) The Non-Cooperation Movement started with middle class participation whereas the Civil Disobedience Movement was first supported by the Industrialists like GD Birla, Purshottamdas Thakur.
(iii) Due to Khalifa issues Muslim community participated in Non-Cooperation on large scale. But the growing proximity of the Congress party and Hindu Mahasabha prevented the Muslims to participate in Civil Disobedience Movement.
(iv) The Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn by Gandhiji due to violent incident at Chauri Chaura.
But the Civil Disobedience Movement was withdrawn in 1931, when Gandhi signed ‘Gandhi-Irwin’ pact.
(v) In Non-Cooperation Movement, Women did not participate in large scale. But large scale participation of women is one of the most significant features of the Civil Disobedience Movement