Question

Which is oldest method used for teaching language?

Answer 1

Methods of teaching, its characteristics, merits, application

1 LECTURE METHOD is the oldest procedure of teaching. It is widely used in schools and colleges. It is a good method its cover a wide topic at heights level of college or secondary schools and higher secondary classes but its success depends on the personality and ability of students.

WHY THIS METHOD SHOULD BE USED?
1 To motivate students.
2 To give an overview of a large topic.
To add supplement the students reading.
To make an importance matters understanding.
To provide background of a topic or to introduce the topic
To help the students to use their time wisely
To explain the major concepts of a lesson
To develop reasoning skill of students
To have a classroom discussion

MERITS OF THE METHOD: To establishes face to face contact. It develops attention span. Students develop listening and note taking skills.
Students can prepare the notes. It is easy method for new teachers.

DEMERITS OF THE METHOD: It is a teacher centered method not very good for SS. It is a monotonous tiring and sometimes it becomes a boring method. It brings a lot of burden and reading to the teacher.
It is not an interactive method.


DISCUSSION METHOD: The word discussion means exchanging views and debate. Here the discussion can be among the group of students as a whole group.

WHERE AND WHEN CAN YOU USE DISCUSSION METHOD?
1 the teacher of S.S. can use this method when he is using a project method.
2 when he has to share information and ideas from a large group.
3 when one needs to solve a problem, or do thinking and analytical activity in the class.
4 when one obtain information and ideas from a large group of students.
5 when one needs to check or evaluate students’ progress.

FORMS OF DISCUSSION: Formal, debate, classroom, informal, panel, symposium.

THE PROCESS OF DISCUSSION:
The process can be different depending upon the type of discussion.
1 the ideas are initiated by the teacher than there is exchange of ideas opinions observations comments etc
2 this is a co-operative learning.

STEPS OF DISCUSSION
1 Preparation:
To make discussion a success the teacher as well as the student must make a careful preparation. The teacher should do in depth reading of the topic. She should do critical reading, should understand the arguments well and know the gist of the lesson.

CONDUCTING DISCUSSION:
In this stage the teacher initiates the discussion. He controls process and keeps the students disciplined and keeps the discussion under control or on the right tract.

MARITS OF DISCUSSION METHOD:
• It is based of differences.
• It emphasizes independent study.
• It develops reasoning.
• It develops study habits.
• It is activity oriented.
• It teaches how to study purposefully.
• It helps the teacher to find leadership quality among students.
• It helps in clarifying ideas, issues etc.
• It creates better understanding of the topic, issues, events, ideas or concepts.

DEMARITS OF DISCUSSION METHOD
• It is time consuming method.
• It needs some training and average teacher can not
• Why students do not benefit from this activity.
• Sometimes only a few students dominate.
• There can be some necessary argument and can lead to some major problems.

EXCURSION METHOD
The word ‘excursion’ means a journey, trip, tour planned for social studies students in which the students actually visit places or site and has the first hand experience which excursion results in easy, interesting and effective learning.

It provides ample opportunities to student for ‘seeing’ ‘hearing’ examining, gathering data, and asking questions, such excursion are most conducive to learning.

PROSSES OF ORGENISING EXCURSION

1. Decides the get information and details of the site you plan to visit and think of objective for organizing this trip.
2. Take principal’s permission, take parents’ permission and get an ok from the place you are going to visit
3. Orient the student about the trip, give them the details, give them a list of the thing you need to bring
4. Conduct the trip take chaperone with you. Guide the students at the place. Then ask the student to write a report about their report.

EXAMPLES OF EXCURSION FOR STUDENTS OF GUJARAT OR INDIA
• River Tapi, river Narmada ,Sardar Sarover , some Dame Site, Sea Shores, bird sanctuary, Gir lion sanctuary.
• Cultural Heritage sites, Champaner, Ahmedabad. Dwarka temple, M. Abu Dera.
• Industrial sites – power stations, manufacturing industrial site, Fertilizer, food packing.

MERITS:
* First hand expose.
* Brings reality in teaching.
* Gives concrete experience.

DEMERIT:
• Time consuming.
• It is not applicable to all the students of the students.
• It is expensive.
.