Which is the most widely spread and important soil of India? State any 6 characteristics ofbthis type of soil.
Answers
The most widely spread and important soil of India is alluvial soil.
Four characteristics of this soil are :
(i) Alluvial soil is formed by the deposition of materials brought down by the Himalayan rivers.
(ii) Highly fertile.
(iii) Consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
(iv) It is rich in potash, phosphoric acid and lime but deficient in organic matter.
(v) Soils in dry regions are more alkaline and can be made productive after proper treatment and irrigation.
(vi) They are of two types Khadar and Bangar. Khadar soil is the new alluvial soil which is fine and fertile, while Bangar soil is old alluvial soil which is coarse and less fertile.
(vii) It supports a large variety of crops like paddy, sugar cane, wheat and pulses.
Answer :-
Alluvial Soil
Characteristics :-
- These soil consist various proportion of sand, silt and clay.
- When we move towards the river valley, soil particles appear bigger in size.
- According to age of soil it is classified into old alluvial soil as Bangar and new alluvial soil as Khadar.
- This soil is very fertile and contain adequate proportion of potash,phosphoric acid and lime.
- This type of soil have high fertility, regions of alluvial soil are intensively cultivated and densely populated.
- Soils in drier areas are more alkaline and can be productive after proper treatment and irrigation.
- Sugar cane, paddy, wheat and other cereal and pulses are grown.