which of the following are recycled in the manufacture of sodium carbonate by solvay process.sodium chloride and carbon monooxide ,sodium chloride and ammonia,carbon dioxide and ammonium chloride,carbondioxide and ammonia
Answers
In Solvay process, also known as ammonia soda process, carbon dioxide is passed through a brine solution (containing about 28 % NaCl) which is saturated with ammonia to form sodium carbonate.
2NH
3
+H
2
O+CO
2
→(NH
4
)
2
CO
3
(NH
4
)
2
CO
3
+H
2
O+CO
2
→2NH
4
HCO
3
NH
4
HCO
3
+NaCl→NaHCO
3
↓+NH
4
Cl
The precipitate of sodium bicarbonate is filtered, dried and ignited to form sodium carbonate.
2NaHCO
3
heat
Na
2
CO
3
+CO
2
+H
2
O
The carbon dioxide required for the reaction can be obtained by heating limestone (calcium carbonate) to 1300 K in a lime klin. Lime dissolves in water to form calcium hydroxide which is then transferred to the ammonia recovery tower.
CaCO
3
heat
CaO+CO
2
CaO+H
2
O→Ca(OH)
2
Ammonia required for the process can be prepared by heating ammonium chloride with calcium hydroxide.
2NH
4
Cl+Ca(OH)
2
2NH
3
+CaCl
2
+H
2
O
Hence, the only byproduct of the reaction is calcium chloride.
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