Question

Which of the following causes were the decline of Byzantine and Sassanian Empire??​

Answer 1

Answer:

The Byzantine Empire fell in 1453. The immediate cause of its fall was pressure by the Ottoman Turks. ... Ironically enough, the major cause of the decline of the Byzantine Empire (what made it weak enough to fall to the Ottomans) was the Crusades. The Crusades were supposed to be Christian wars against Muslims.

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Answer 2

Byzantine

Constant Strain & Internal Affairs

Although the Byzantine Empire lasted over a millennium, it was riddled with crises almost from the very beginning. A combination of in-fighting, disease and natural disaster served to prevent the empire from expanding, weaken it and ultimately cause its decline at various stages. It was an extraordinarily resilient empire, but the accumulation of issues ultimately led to its demise.

Weak Military

In the early middle ages, the Byzantine Empire boasted superior military technology to Western Europe and possessed an enormous standing army by the standards of the time. As it was an incredibly wealthy empire, it could afford to hire mercenaries in times of need. In the later stages of the empire, its enemies had caught up regarding technology and the Byzantine army dwindled in size.

The Ottomans

Michael VIII became emperor in 1259 and regained Constantinople within two years. He was not highly regarded in Byzantine history despite being an accomplished ruler; perhaps because he murdered his way to the top although his attempt to unite the Catholic and Orthodox churches also made him an unpopular figure. Michael managed to end the Latin Empire, but his death in 1282 probably extinguished the last fleeting hope of a revival.