Which of the following characteristics of electrons determines the current in a conductor?(a) Drift velocity alone(b) Thermal velocity alone(c) Both drift velocity and thermal velocity(d) Neither drift nor thermal velocity
Answers
both is the answer....
Answer:
Drift velocity alone
Explanation:
The characteristic of an electron determining the current in a conductor is only the drift velocity and not the thermal velocity. Drift velocity is the average velocity where free electrons get drifted towards the positive end of the conductor under the influence of an external electric field, whereas the thermal velocity of electron depends upon the temperature.
Relation between drift velocity to current = Vd = 1/Ane
Where, A= represents the area of cross section of the conductor wire
e = charge on each electron
n = number density of electrons
Whereas, thermal velocity = Vt = √3Kbt/Me
Me = the electron of mass , Kb =Boltzman constant and T = Temperature
Thus, thermal velocity is dependent on temperature and not current.