Which of the following did the Soviet Union condemn people in the West for?
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Answer:
Communist propaganda in the Soviet Union was extensively based on the Marxist–Leninist ideology to promote the Communist Party line. Propaganda was one of the many ways the Soviet Union tried to control its citizens. In the Stalin era, it penetrated even social and natural sciences giving rise to the pseudo-scientific theory of Lysenkoism, whereas fields of real knowledge, as genetics, cybernetics and sociology were condemned and forbidden as "bourgeois pseudoscience".
The main Soviet Union censorship body, Glavlit, was employed not only to eliminate any undesirable printed materials, but also "to ensure that the correct ideological spin was put on every published item". In the Stalin era, deviation from the dictates of official propaganda was punished by execution and labor camps. In the post-Stalin era, these punitive measures were replaced by punitive psychiatry, prison, denial of work and loss of citizenship. "Today a man only talks freely to his wife – at night, with the blankets pulled over his head", said writer Isaac Babel privately to a trusted friend.
Trotsky and a small group of Communists regarded the Soviet Union as doomed without the spread of Communism internationally.[194] The victory of Stalin, who regarded the construction of socialism in the Soviet Union as a necessary exemplar to the rest of the world and represented the majority view,[195] did not, however, stop international propaganda.
In the 1980s, the CIA estimate that the budget of Soviet propaganda abroad was between $3.5 and $4.0 billion.[196]
Propaganda abroad was partly conducted by Soviet intelligence agencies. GRU alone spent more than $1 billion for propaganda and peace movements against Vietnam War, which was a "hugely successful campaign and well worth the cost", according to GRU defector Stanislav Lunev.[197] He claimed that "the GRU and the KGB helped to fund just about every antiwar movement and organization in America and abroad".[197]
According to Oleg Kalugin, "the Soviet intelligence was really unparalleled. ... The KGB programs – which would run all sorts of congresses, peace congresses, youth congresses, festivals, women's movements, trade union movements, campaigns against U.S. missiles in Europe, campaigns against neutron weapons, allegations that AIDS ... was invented by the CIA ... all sorts of forgeries and faked material – [were] targeted at politicians, the academic community, at the public at large."
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