Which of the following diseases affect parotid gland?
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Answer:
Your salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps your mouth moist, helps protect your teeth from rapid decay, and helps you to digest your food. The salivary glands are relatively small, and they’re around the inner linings of your mouth, lips, and cheeks.
A number of diseases can affect your salivary glands. These range from cancerous tumors to Sjögren’s syndrome. While some conditions go away with time or antibiotics, others require more serious treatments, including surgery.
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Salivary Gland Disorders
Medically reviewed by Saurabh Sethi, M.D., MPH — Written by Rachel Nall, MSN, CRNA — Updated on June 18, 2018
Causes
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
What are salivary gland disorders?
Your salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps your mouth moist, helps protect your teeth from rapid decay, and helps you to digest your food. The salivary glands are relatively small, and they’re around the inner linings of your mouth, lips, and cheeks.
A number of diseases can affect your salivary glands. These range from cancerous tumors to Sjögren’s syndrome. While some conditions go away with time or antibiotics, others require more serious treatments, including surgery.
What causes salivary gland disorders?
You have three paired salivary glands called the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. They are responsible for producing saliva. Blocked salivary glands are the most common source of problems. These blocked glands can cause painful symptoms.
Sialolithiasis and sialadenitis
Sialolithiasis and sialadenitis can occur in the salivary glands:
Sialolithiasis occurs when stones made of calcium form in the salivary glands. These stones can block the glands, and that can partially or completely stop the flow of saliva.
Sialadenitis (or sialoadenitis) is an infection involving a salivary gland. It often results from stones blocking the gland. Staph or strep bacteria can cause this infection. Older adults and infants are most likely to develop this condition.
Sjögren’s syndrome
Sjögren’s syndrome is another common salivary gland disorder. It occurs when white blood cells target healthy cells in moisture-producing glands, such as the salivary, sweat, and oil glands. This condition most commonly affects women with autoimmune disorders, such as lupus.
Viruses
Viruses can affect the salivary glands as well. These include:
flu virus
mumps
Coxsackie virus
echovirus
cytomegalovirusTrusted Source
Cancerous and noncancerous tumors
Cancerous and noncancerous tumors may develop in the salivary glands as well. Cancerous tumors of the salivary glands are rare. When they do occur, it’s typically in 50- to 60-year-olds, according to Cedars-Sinai.
Noncancerous tumors that can affect the parotid glands include pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin’s tumors. Benign pleomorphic adenomas can also grow in the submandibular gland and the minor salivary glands, but this is rare.
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What are the symptoms of a salivary gland disorder?
The symptoms of sialolithiasis include:
painful lump under the tongue
pain that increases when eating
Sialadenitis symptoms include:
lump in your cheek or under your chin
pus that drains into your mouth
strong or foul-smelling pus
fever