Question

Which of the following equilibria will shift to right side on
increasing the temperature
(a) CO(g) +H₂O(g) ⇋ CO₂(g) + H₂(g)
(b) 2SO₂ (g) +O₂ (g) ⇋ 2SO₃(g)
(d) 4HCl(g) + O₂ (g) ⇋ 2H₂O(g) + 2Cl₂ (g)

Answer 1

Answer:

co(g)+H20(g)=co2(g)+h2(g)

Answer 2

Let us solve it

Explanation:

Le chartlier’s principle

We know that at equilibrium, the state variables becomes constant. If we disturb any state variable, the reaction gets disturbed and the reaction divert itself in a direction where disturbance is reduced .

So, according to this” if any kind of reaction is subjected to any kind of stress, then the reaction proceeds in a direction where the stress gets reduced “.

(a) Effect of change in concentration : For this consider a reaction:

 

• In this if concentration of nitrogen gas is increased, the reaction will get disturbed. It will proceed in a direction in which the concentration of nitrogen gas is reduced i.e in forward direction.

It is to be noted:

• If concentrations of reactants are increased, then the reaction favors products.  

•  If concentration of products is increased, then the reaction favors backward reaction.

(b) Effect of temperature: We have two types of reactions: Endothermic and Exothermic.  

• If we increase the temperature, the reaction proceeds in such a direction in which the heat is absorbed i.e endothermic side is favoured.

• If we decrease the temperature, the reaction proceeds in such a direction in which the heat is released i.e exothermic side is favoured.

(c) Effect of change of  Pressure  

• If we increase the pressure, it will take the reaction towards lesser number of moles i.e towards products.

               

• If we decrease the pressure, it will take the reaction towards more number of moles that is towards reactants  

     

(d)Effect of change in Volume  

• According to Boyle’s law, we know pressure is inversely proportional to volume .So, if we increase the volume, moles per litre decreases. Therefore, the reactions move in that reaction in which moles per litre is increased.

• If we decrease the volume, moles per litre increase .Therefore, the reaction move in that reaction in which moles per litre is decreased.