Question

Which of the following is not reversible ?(a) Joule effect(b) Peltier effect(c) Seebeck effect(d) Thomson effect

Answer 1

The joule effect is an irreversible process among the four options mentioned in the question.

The joule effect is basically the generation of the heat energy in the an electrical conductor when the electricity is being conducted through that conductor.

But we cannot regenerate the electricity from the generated heat.

That's why this joule effect is an irreversible process.