Question

which of the following is not the features of the caste system
a. untouchability
b. hierarchy
c. hereditary occupation
d. exogamous marriage ​

Answer 1

option B

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Answer 2

Features of the caste system

Explanation:

• Segmental Division: According to Govind Sadashiv Ghurye, castes are social groups or segments whose membership is determined by birth. The partition or compartmentalization of society into a number of segments or castes, each with its own life, is referred to as segmental division.
• (ii) Hierarchy: The castes or segments are organised in a hierarchical order. Hierarchy is a system that ranks castes in order of higher or superior status and lower or inferior status in relation to one another. The relative standing of various caste groups varied from one location to the next. However, the Brahmans were positioned at the head of the hierarchy, while the untouchables were kept at the bottom.
• (iii) Purity and Pollution Principles: The separation or distance between castes is reflected by the two traits (attributes) outlined above. The ideals of cleanliness and pollution, which find expression in the regulations governing the admission of food or drink from other castes, emphasise this fact of separation.  
• In practise, most castes appear to have no objections to 'Kachcha cuisine,' which is food prepared using Brahmans' water. Only 'Pucca food,' or food cooked in butter (ghee), is taken by higher castes from lower ones. Nobody, on the other hand, will take food or drink from an untouchable, whose mere touch pollutes the environment.
• (iv) Different Sections' Civil and Religious Disabilities and Privileges: (a) As a result of society's hierarchical division, different portions of society share rights and obligations unequally.
• (b) A caste's ritual standing in relation to Brahmans, as well as the type of their work, are important predictors of the nature of these disabilities. The lower castes could not imitate the high castes' speech, clothes, or habits because doing so would be against the society's ruling rule.
• (v) Lack of Occupation Choice: (a) Every group or caste had a hereditary occupation. Because a contrast was made between clean and unclear activities, and hence between pure and impure occupations, a caste's inherited occupation represented its social position.
• Example: (a) For example, the Brahmans were priests, while the lower castes worked as barbers, washermen, and cobblers.