Question

Which of the following reason correctly justify that chlorine has smaller atomic radius than

sodium?

a) Chlorine and sodium are in the same group, atomic size increases down the group.

b) Chlorine and sodium are in the same period, atomic size increases across the period due to increase

in number of shells.

c) Chlorine and sodium are in the same group, atomic size decreases down the group.

d) Chlorine and sodium are in the same period, across the period atomic decreases.​

Answer 1

Answer:-

Option D justifies that Chlorine has smaller atomic radius when compared to Sodium.

Across the period, the atomic number of the elements increase due to increase in the number of protons. Protons and neutrons are nucleons (sub - atomic particles which are present in the nucleus).

Due to increase in the number of protons , the size and charge of the nucleus increases by occupying the atomic radius. As a result, the atomic radius decreases.

In this case,

Chlorine has more number of protons than that of Sodium. So, Chlorine's nucleus size is greater than Sodium. Hence, Chlorine will have smaller atomic radius than Sodium.

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Atomic radius:-

• The distance between the centre of the nucleus to the outermost shell in a particular element is the atomic radius of that element.

• It is measured in Armstrong units (A⁰) ; Micrometers (Mm) ; Nanometers (nm) ; Picometers (pm) .

Answer 2

Answer:

Chlorine and sodium are in the same period, across the period atomic SIZE decreases

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