Question

Which of the following species has the highest dipole moment ?
(a) NH₃ (b) PH₃
(c) AsH₃ (d) SbH₃

Answer 1

Answer:

a) NH3

Explanation:

→NH3 has higher dipole moment than NF3 . » REASON: in case of NH3, nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen,so it tries to pull the electrons from hydrogen atoms. where as in case of NF3, fluorine being more electronegative than nitrogen tries to pull the electrons from nitrogen opposite from that of nitrogen.

Answer 2

The species that has the highest dipole moment is $\[N{H_3}\]$. Thus, the correct option is (a) $\[N{H_3}\]$.

Explanation:

• Dipole moment arises due to unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond.
• A covalent bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.
• When there is a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms in a covalent compound.
• In the compounds, $\[P{H_3},\,As{H_3}\]$ and $\[Sb{H_3}\]$, the difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms is very less.
• The electronegativity difference in $\[P{H_3},\,As{H_3}\]$ and $\[Sb{H_3}\]$ are $\[0.01,\,0.02\]$ and $\[0.15\]$ respectively.
• In $\[N{H_3}\]$, the difference in electronegativity between $N$ and $H$ is $0.84$.
• Therefore, the highest dipole moment is observed in $\[N{H_3}\]$.

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