Question

which of the following was a factor in rise of napoleon

Answer 1

The French Revolution which broke out in 1789. Without this, Napoleon would have been nobody.

The 1792 exact date? Declaration of War by France against the European powers instigated by the Girondins and supported by the French King and the Queen. Without this war you would have no military instability, no crisis in institutions, no Reign of Terror, and consequently, no Lazare Carnot and the birth of the French Revolutionary Army, the most advanced army in Europe.

After the Reign of Terror, Napoleon on account of his connection and friendship with Robespierre’s brother, was imprisoned, under house arrest for a few weeks and was unemployed and destitute as a soldier for more than a year. This could have been the end of him. But he became a client of Paul Barras who fobbed of one of his mistresses on him, the future Empress Josephine in fact. Napoleon then got a command to put down a royalist rebellion attacking Paris. The first time the government called the army to defend its capital starting the instability that ruined the post-Thermidorian government.

After that Napoleon got commands in Italy, as part of the Army of the Revolution that invaded there and this raised his profile and esteem across Europe. Then in 1798 he got the command to Egypt.

The Directory Government that came in this time used the army to pull of coups d’etat regularly and there was constant use of the army to remove factions on the left and the right, to promote an extreme moderation.

In 1799, a bunch of liberals led by Abbe Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes plotted to overthrow this government. To pull this coup, Sieyes said, “I need a sword” and he went shopping for a general. His first choice was unavaible. His second choice was Napoleon, who returned to France with his tail between his legs after abandoning his army in Egypt to the English in an expedition that was a military disaster.

Napoleon on 18 Brumaire, pulled off a coup within a coup, he hijacked the liberals and the state.

Answer 2

French revolution removed the barrier of the privilege of birth and paved the way for the privilege of talent. Glorious victories of Napoleon i was made the French realise that only a soldier's sword could restore discipline and respect for authority and stable government. In the political, economic and social field, Napolean carried out certain reforms which were associated with the basic spirit of the revolution.
In the economic field, he continued the old policy of the revolution by reorganising the taxation system. He uprooted the aristocrats also. In 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself the Emperor of France.