Question

Which of these demands is/are referred to as Lenin’s ‘April Theses’?
(a) World War I should be brought to an end
(b) Land should be transferred to the peasants
(c) Banks should be nationalised
(d) All the above

Answer 1

ANSWER

After the downfall of the monarchy in Russia in February 1917, the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile in April 1917. He felt that it was time for Soviets to take over power. He put three demands which were known as Lenin's 'April Theses'. They were:

(i) The war (First World War) be brought to an end.

(ii) Land be transferred to the peasants.

(iii) The banks be nationalised.

When Lenin came to power he became active to bring changes Banks were nationalised in November, 1917. This meant that the government took over ownership and management. Land was declared social property and peasants were allowed to seize the land of the nobility. In March 1918, despite opposition by their political allies, the Bolsheviks made peace with Germany at Brest Litovsk.

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Answer 2

(d) All the above demands are referred to as Lenin’s ‘April Theses’.

• The April Theses was a record provided to the April Conference of Bolsheviks.
• It was presented by Vladimir Lenin in April 1917 on his return from exile.
• Few of the demands included the ending of World War I, the nationalization of Banks, and the transfer of lands to the peasants.

• Lenin also wanted the Bolshevik party to indicate its radical aims. He proposed to rename the party the Communist Party.
• According to many members of the Bolshevik Party, the time was not favorable for these actions.
• However, the October Revolution in 1917 falsified their attitude.