Question

Which of these is the rate-determining step in the sulfonation of benzene?

Answer 1

Formation of arrenium ion is the rate determining step of sullhonation of benzene.

Explanation:

• The benzene is a very stable molecule that has all the carbons sp2 hybrid.

• Sulphuric acid is the reagent which actually forms the sulphur trioxide gas which acts as the electrophile.

• This electrophile attacks the sp2 hybrid carbon with its vacant orbital to take the pi bond electrons.

• This forms the sulphonium ion which is also called as the arrenium ion.

• This then leads to the elemination of hydrogen ion from the carbon restoring sp2 hybridization and thereby aromaticity.

For more information about sulphonation of benzene,

https://brainly.in/question/6575874

State sulphonation of benzene and explain its mechanism. - Brainly.in

https://brainly.in/question/10634902

In sulphonation of benzene the attacking species is - Brainly.in

Answer 2

Answer:

bromination step 3 formation of arenium ion is rate determining

nitration step 2 attack of electrophile is rate determining

sulphonation step 1 formation of arenium ion is rate determining