Which one is the correct statement?
(A) IUPAC names are based on the structure of compounds
(B) Common names are based on the structure compounds
(C) Common name of CH=CH is ethyne
(D) IUPAC name of HCOOH is formic acid
Answers
a) IUPAC nomenclature is based on naming a molecule's longest chain of carbons connected by single bonds, whether in a continuous chain or in a ring. All deviations, either multiple bonds or atoms other than carbon and hydrogen, are indicated by prefixes or suffixes according to a specific set of priorities.
b) When naming molecular compounds prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element present in the compound. ” mono-” indicates one, “di-” indicates two, “tri-” is three, “tetra-” is four, “penta-” is five, and “hexa-” is six, “hepta-” is seven, “octo-” is eight, “nona-” is nine, and “deca” is ten.
d) Formic acid, systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid, and has the chemical formula HCOOH. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants.
c) The IUPAC name of the simplest alkyne, HC≡CH, is thus ethyne, which is derived from ethane. Ethyne is more commonly known as acetylene ; it is an extremely important starting material in commercial chemical synthesis.