Question

Which one of the following species is diamagnetic in nature [AIEEE 2005]
A) He_{2}^{+} B) H2 C) H_{2}^{+} D) H_{2}^{-}

Answer 1

The answer is H2 as it has all electrons in the orbitals paired up. Other all have one unpaired electron. Hence only H2 is diamagnetic.

Answer 2

Among the given species, $H_2$ is diamagnetic in nature.

Explanation:

• The simple concept to identify the compound as diamagnetic is to identify the total number of electrons present in it.
• If the total number of electrons is odd, it means that the species is paramagnetic, if it is even it means that the species is diamagnetic.
• The exceptional case is that if a species has 10 or 16 electrons, then it alone is considered as paramagnetic species.
• Now to find the diamagnetic species from given compound the number of electrons present in it must be calculated.

A) $He_2^+$

• The given species is an ion of helium which has lost one electron.
• The total number of electrons present in helium atom is 2, when one is lost it becomes helium ion which contains only one electron.
• As 1 is an odd number, $He_2^+$ is considered as paramagnetic species.

B) $H_2$

• The given species is the molecule of hydrogen which is composed of 2 atoms of hydrogen.
• As one hydrogen atom is composed of 1 electrons, hydrogen molecule composed of 2 hydrogen atom has 2 electrons.
• As 2 is even, $H_2$ is considered as diamagnetic species.

C) $H_2^+$

• The given species is an ion of hydrogen which has lost one electron.

• The total number of electrons present in hydrogen molecule is 2, when one is lost it becomes hydrogen ion which contains only one electron.

• As 1 is an odd number, $H_2^+$ is considered as paramagnetic species.

D) $H_2^-$

• The given species is an ion of hydrogen which has gained one electron.

• The total number of electrons present in hydrogen molecule is 2, when one is gaoned it becomes hydrogen ion which contains 3 electrons.

• As 3 is an odd number, $H_2^-$ is considered as paramagnetic species.

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