Question

Which orbital pose a difficulty for an electron to be removed?
A. S Orbital
B. F Orbital
C. D Orbital
D. P Orbital
E. Boh F and D Orbitals
F. Both S and P Orbitals

Answer 1

The ionization energy of the elements increases as one moves up a given group because the electrons are held in lower-energy orbitals, closer to the nucleus and thus more tightly bound (harder to remove). Based on these two principles, the easiest element to ionize is francium and the hardest to ionize is helium.